1. Apple InfoExchange System(AIS)- Insect Pests of Apple. AIS is  from Database of IPM Resources (DIR). Provides links to Internet resources from all over the world.
2. AIM - Apple Information Manager (USA) - AIM is a collaborative Extension and

research effort of the Universities of Connecticut, Maine, Massachusetts, 
New Hampshire, Rhode Island, and Vermont to deliver timely, relevant, and 
useful region-wide apple production information to New England commercial 
apple growers via the World Wide Web. 
3. Apple Fungicide Recommendations- (Washington State University, USA)- Topics Covered: 
1. Delayed Dormant Sprays 
2. Prepink Sprays 
3. Pink Sprays
4. Petal Fall Sprays
5. 14-28 Days After Full Bloom
6. Late Spring and Summer Sprays
7. Preharvest Sprays

(Note: before using products listed, make sure they are registered for use in your state/country.) 
4. Diseases of Tree Fruits and Grapes in the State of Washington, USA- Links to diseases of Apples, Grapes, and Pears. 
5. HortInfo: An Internet Guide to Horticultural Resources from Database of IPM Resources (DIR). 
6. HortSense: Horticultural Plant Problems and Pest Management Solutions - Problem fact sheets for common garden and yard pests in the Pacific Northwest. (Note: before using products listed, make sure they are registered for use in your state/country.) 
7. University of California, Davis: Description and photographs of insects, mites, weeds and disease symptoms, pest control guidelines.
8. Florida Agricultural Information Retreival Systems: Descriptions and/or photographs, life cycles, pest management, pest control, chemical control.
9. IPM in Romanian Apple Orchards  (Cornell University Pest Management

Research Program, USA) 
10. Cornell University, IPM in Romanian Apple Orchards  New York: A guide for sampling and managing major apple pests in New York state. 
11. Maine Apple IPM Program (University of Main, USA) 
12. Some Apple IPM Realated Sites in USA:
1. Maine Apple IPM Program 
2. Massachusetts Apple IPM Program 
3. New Hampshire Apple IPM Program 
4. Rhode Island Apple IPM Program 
5. Vermont Apple IPM Program 
6. Virginia University Experiment Farm at Kearneysville (Premier Site) (USA)
13.  Scaffolds Fruit Journal a weekly update on pest management and crop development. Scaffolds is published by Cornell University - NYS Agricultural Experiment Station (Geneva) and Ithaca , USA
14. The Virtual Orchard  is a dedicated World Wide Web site  for sustainable apple production. It provides a forum for research and extension projects dealing with commercial apple production and marketing issues.
15. Viruses could target two major apple pests (State of Washington, USA) 

1. A Grower's Guide to Apple Insects and Diseases in the Southeast - North Carolina State University, USA-  Disease Information Notes. 
2. Apple Disease Control (New Mexico, USA)
3. Apple Disease fact sheets (and insect pest images) (West Virginia 

University, USA)
4. Pome and Stone Fruit Disease Management Guide:  US Mid-Atlantic Orchard Monitoring Guide Web Site for Tree Fruit Pathology. 
5. Apple Trunk, Branch and Twig Disease Image Directory (USA) 
6. Index of Fruit Disease Photographs, Biology, and Monitoring Information- Mid-Atlantic Orchard Monitoring Guide Web Site for Tree Fruit Pathology, USA. 
7. Diseases of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)-  Names of bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases and physiological disorders from the American Phytopathological Society 
8. Disease Management Guidelines for Organic Apple Production in Ohio (USA) - Contents: 
1. Identifying and Understanding the Major Apple Diseases 
2. Understanding The Early Season Diseases (Scab, Mildew and Rust) 
3. Understanding The Late Season or "Summer" Diseases 
4. Disease Management Options for Organic Production Systems 
5. Approaches Toward Reducing The Use of Fungicides For Scab Control 
6. Other Important Diseases That Need To Be Considered 
9. Fruit Research in Japan - Research reports on different fruit pests. 

 Horticulture Research International-  Research News  and following informational resources: 
• Plant Pathology and Microbiology
• Foliar Pathogen Group
• Microbial Ecology 
• Sclerotial Pathogens and Biocontrol 
• Mushroom Quality
• Entomological Sciences
• Crop & Weed Science
• Cell Physiology Department
• Nitrogen Crop Response Model 
• Model of Crop Response to Potassium Fertilizer
• Biometrics
10. Keys to Major Insect and Disease Pests of the Mid-Atlantic Region (USA) 
11. Organic Apple Spray Program (Michigan State University, USA)
12. Pest Management Research Center (Canada) 
13. Tree Fruit and Agriculture (Washington State University Extension Programs,

USA). Coverage: 
1. Insect & Disease Model Summary 
2. Apple Scab- Post-infection 
3. Boomspray Calibration 
4. Cherry Fruit Fly- the Phantom Pest
5. Drought Spot of Apple 
6. Early Fall Nitrogen Applications
7. Fire Blight After Infection 
8. Fire Blight Management 
9. Fire Blight Model (version 98F) 
10. Fire Blight Model (version 98Celsius) 
11. Fumigation 
12. Irrigation and Iron Chlorosis in Orchards 
13. Lime and Orchard pH Management 
14. Orchard Mouse Damage 
15. Peach Leaf Curl
16. Snow Damage to Young Trees
14. University of California, Davis: Description and photographs of symptoms, disease management and chemical control. 
15. Washington State University, Pullman: Description and photographs of symptoms, disease management and chemical control. 
16. Visual Gallery of Images of Tree Fruit Diseases in the Mid-Atlantic Region (West Virginia University, USA) 

1. Fact Sheet on Fruit Physiological Disorders- Apple  (University of California, USA) - These Fact Sheets are a series of  minireviews of the occurence, importance, symptoms, physiology, and control of fruit physiological disorders.Bitter Pit,  Internal Browning,  Scald,Sunburn and  Watercore. 
2. Tree Fruit Postharvest Journal - Highlights of the Washington State Postharvest Journal (Washington State University- Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, USA) 
3. Research Summary- Postharvest Pomology (Washington State University- Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, USA) 
4. Storage scald prediction model (Washington State University- Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, USA)- Temperature driven predictionsfrom north central Washington orchards for 1997. 
5. Integrated Biological Control and Calcium Treatment for Controlling Postharvest Decay of Apples- Interpretive summary of USDA project. 
6. Postharvest Diseases of  Apple  (Washington State University, USA) - Description and photographs of symptoms, disease management and chemical control. 
7. Physiological Disorders of Apples  (Washington State University, USA)

1.  A Grower's Guide to Apple Insects and Diseases in the Southeast - North Carolina State University, USA-  Disease Information Notes. 
2. Apple Disease Control (New Mexico, USA)
3. Pome and Stone Fruit Disease Management Guide:  US Mid-Atlantic Orchard Monitoring Guide Web Site for Tree Fruit Pathology. 
4. Apple Trunk, Branch and Twig Disease Image Directory (USA) 
5. Index of Fruit Disease Photographs, Biology, and Monitoring Information- Mid-Atlantic Orchard Monitoring Guide Web Site for Tree Fruit Pathology, USA. 
6. Diseases of Apple (Malus domestica Borkh.)-  Names of bacterial, fungal, and viral diseases and physiological disorders from the American Phytopathological Society 
7. Disease Management Guidelines for Organic Apple Production in Ohio (USA) - Contents: 
1. Identifying and Understanding the Major Apple Diseases 
2. Understanding The Early Season Diseases (Scab, Mildew and Rust) 
3. Understanding The Late Season or "Summer" Diseases 
4. Disease Management Options for Organic Production Systems 
5. Approaches Toward Reducing The Use of Fungicides For Scab Control 
6. Other Important Diseases That Need To Be Considered 
8. Fruit Research in Japan - Research reports on different fruit pests. 
9. Organic Apple Spray Program (Michigan State University, USA)
10. Pest Management Research Center (Canada) 
11.  Production Diseases of Apples (Washington State University,USA)
12. University of California, Davis: Description and photographs of symptoms, disease management and chemical control. 
13. Washington State University, Pullman: Description and photographs of symptoms, disease management and chemical control. 
14. Visual Gallery of Images of Tree Fruit Diseases in the Mid-Atlantic Region (West Virginia University, USA) 

1. Apple Flower Disease Image Directory (West Virginia University, USA) 
2. Apple Fruit Disease Image Directory (West Virginia University, USA) 
3. Apple Foliage Disease Image Directory (West Virginia University, USA) 
4. Apple Fungicide Recommendations (Washington State University, USA) 
5. Apple Root and Graft Union Disease Image Directory (West Virginia University, USA) 
6. Apple Trunk, Branch and Twig Disease Image Directory (West Virginia University, USA) 
7. Apple Rootstock Susceptiblity to Fire Blight (West Virginia University, USA) 
8.  Cutting Fire Blight From Infected Apple or Pears (Washington State
9. University Extension Program, Chelan, Douglas & Okanogan Co.s
10. Wenatchee, Washington, USA) 
11. Fire Blight Biology (WVU web site; authored by Steiner & van der Zwet ) 
12. Fire Blight Management (Chelan-Douglas WA Cooperative Extension) 
13. Pacific Northwest Disease Control Handbook (Oregon State University, USA) - Apple diseases including  Fire Blight. 
14. University of California, Davis: Description, Life cycle, Management. 
15. Washington State University, Pullman: Description, Life cycle, Management. 

1. Apple Flower Disease Image Directory (West Virginia University, USA) 
2. Apple Fungicide Recommendations (Washington State University, USA) 
3. Apple Powdery Mildew from Washington State University, Pullman- Description and photographs of symptoms, disease management and chemical control. 
4. Pacific Northwest Disease Control Handbook (Oregon State University, USA) - Apple diseases including  Powdery Mildew. 
5. University of California, Davis: Description and photographs of symptoms, disease management and chemical control. 

1. University of California Pest Management Guidelines (USA): The best site on Apple IPM information. 
2. Apple InfoExchange System (AIS) - Insect Pests of Apple: Links to insect pests from all over the world.
3. Apple Insects and Diseases in Southeast: Grower's Guide (North Carolina State University, USA)
4. Backyard Apple Grower's IPM (University of Kentucky, USA)
5. Commercial Apple IPM in Kentucky (University of Kentucky, USA)
6. Controlling apple pest insects with minimum insecticide applications (University of Kentucky, USA)
7. IPM Manual for Apple (University of Kentucky, USA)
8. New York State Integrated Pest Management Program IPM Manual - Apple (USA)
9. Environmental and Toxicological Profiles for Pesticides Used on Apple (USA)
10. Apple Disease fact sheets (and insect pest images) West Virginia University (USA)
11. Tree Fruit and Agriculture (Washington State University Extension Programs, USA). Coverage: 
1. Insect & Disease Model Summary 
2. Apple Scab- Post-infection 
3. Boomspray Calibration 
4. Cherry Fruit Fly- the Phantom Pest
5. Drought Spot of Apple 
6. Early Fall Nitrogen Applications 
7. Fire Blight After Infection 
8. Fire Blight Management 
9. Fire Blight Model (version 98F) 
10. Fire Blight Model (version 98Celsius) 
11. Fumigation 
12. Irrigation and Iron Chlorosis in Orchards 
13. Lime and Orchard pH Management 
14. Orchard Mouse Damage 
15. Peach Leaf Curl 
16. Snow Damage to Young Trees

• Grain Aphids (Washington State University, Pullman): Description, life cycle, monitoring and control 
• Green Aphid (University of California, Davis) 
• Wooly Aphids (University of California, Davis) 

Washington State University, University of California, Davis 

Phenology Model (University of California) 

• University of California, Davis:  Description, photographs, life cycle and control. 
• Phenology Model (University of California) 

1.  Fruittree Leafroller

• Phenology Model (University of California) 
• Identification, Biology and Pest Management (Univ. of Calif.) 

2.  Obliquebanded Leafroller

University of California, Davis 

3.  Omnivorous Leafroller

• Phenology Model (University of California) 
• Identification, Biology and Pest Management (Univ. of Calif.) 

• University of California, Davis 
• Integrated Mite Control on Apple North Carolina State University, USA

• European Red Mite (University of California, Davis) 
• European Red Mites (University of Kentucky, USA) 
• Spider Mites (University of California, Davis) 

• New England (USA) Apple Pest Management Guide - Nematodes 
• Nematodes (University of California, USA)

Miscellaneous Information

• Apple Breeding and Orchard Management - Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University. . 
•  Apple Maturity Indices (New Mexico, USA ) 
• Apple Orchard Management in New Mexico, USA 
• Apple Varieties- Linked from Sierra Gold Nurseries 
• Apple Varieties- Linked from Brandt's Fruit Trees 
• Chemical Thinning of Crop Load in Apple Orchards-  Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University. 
• Insect Reference Information (Washington State University, Pullman): Description of Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center 
• Degree-day Models (Washington State University, Pullman): Pest development Table, PETE 
• Weed Images and Descriptions (Rutgers University, New Jersey)
• Online Apple Database (Ohio State University, USA) 
• The Mid-Atlantic Regional Fruit Loop (USA)- The Mid-Atlantic Regional Fruit Loop is a cooperative World Wide Webpresence for information on all aspects of deciduous tree fruit production in the mid-Atlantic region. Cooperating state universities include Virginia Tech, West Virginia University, the University of Maryland, Rutgers, and thePennsylvania State University. The goal of the Mid-Atlantic Regional Fruit Loop is to provide information resources that are useful to commercial fruitproducers, county and regional agricultural agents, fruit industry professionals, Master Gardeners, and home orchardists. Content for the "Loop" has been provided by fruit professionals from Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania, the USDA/ARS, Virginia, and West Virginia. 
• Tree Fruit WWW Sites from Virtual Orchard. 
• Pest Management In Home Orchard (North Carolina State University) 
• Some Useful Plant Disease Links
• APSnet WWW Server
• Idaho Plant Disease Reporter
• Links to Plant Disease and Pest Management Sources - New Mexico State University
• Agdia
• Plant Disease Management Guide - University of Florida
• Extension Plant Pathology - Kansas State University
• Texas Plant Disease Handbook - Contents
• Department of Plant Pathology - Cornell University
• Garden Clinic: Pests & Diseases

 

• Guidelines (University of California): Description and photographs of insects, mites, weeds and disease symptoms, pest control guidelines 
• Viruses could target two major apple pests (State of Washington, USA)